鍑辨皬瀹氭爱娉曠殑鍎�(y艒u)鍖�--涓嶅悓婊村畾鎶�琛�(sh霉)灏嶅嚤姘忓畾姘�娉曠殑褰遍��

鐧�(f膩)甯冿細2020-06-22銆�榛炴搳锛�2369

鎽樿��

褰遍熆鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鐨勬�ц兘鐨勫咕鍊嬪洜绱�锛屽嵆鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鑷�鍕曡捀椁惧苟婊村畾妯ｅ搧浠ョ⒑瀹氳泲鐧借��(zh矛)鐨勬�ц兘銆�OPSIS鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鏃ㄥ湪閫氶亷椤忚壊婊村畾锛岀崹鐗圭殑婊村畾绠楁硶锛堥爯(y霉)娓�鎬ф淮瀹氾級鍜屽�氱ó瑷�(sh猫)瑷堥伕鎿囦締瀵︾従(xi脿n)姝ゅ垎鏋愮殑鏈�楂樻�ц兘锛屾畼鐣欐晥鎳�(y墨ng)鍜屾埃娉＄殑鐢�(ch菐n)鐢�褰遍熆鏈�灏忓寲銆�

鏈�鏂囨獢灏囨弿杩伴�欎簺閬搁爡浠ュ強瀹冨��?n猫i)缁炬枴缁婃嚊娌婚緟娣栫奖K绲�(ji茅)鏋溿�傛敞鎰�锛屽嚤姘忓畾姘�娉曞湪鏈�鏂囦欢涓�鏈�浣滆В閲嬨�傛湁闂�(gu膩n)娑堝寲鐖�鐨勬洿澶氫俊鎭�锛岃珛鍙冭�嬨�婇嚌灏�OPSIS鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ寚鍗椼��

 

1-鍑辨皬瀹氭爱娉�

鍑辨皬瀹氭爱娉曟槸娓�瀹氫笉鍚屾ǎ鍝佷腑铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)鐨勫弮鑰冩�欐簴锛岄�氬父绋辩偤TKN鍒嗘瀽(Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen)銆傚嚤姘忓畾姘�娉�瑕�(gu墨)瀹�娑堝寲锛岃捀椁惧拰婊村畾妯ｅ搧涓夋�ラ�熴��

鏈�鍒�锛屼竴鍊嬩笘绱�浠ュ墠锛屾淮瀹氭槸鐢ㄦ淮瀹氱�℃墜宸ュ畬鎴愮��銆傞�欏緢鑰楁檪锛屽嚭閷�鐨勯ⅷ闅�寰堥珮锛岃�屼笖闇�瑕佽壇濂界殑鍒嗘瀽鎶�宸�銆傚洜姝�锛屽湪20涓栫磤80骞翠唬鐧�(f膩)灞曚簡涓�浜涘剙鍣ㄤ締绨″寲鍜岃嚜鍕曞寲婊村畾銆傚嚤姘忓畾姘�鍒嗘瀽鍎�鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄥ彲浠ヨ嚜鍕曢�茶�岃捀椁惧拰婊村畾銆�

 

2-鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鍔熻兘

鍑辨皬瀹氭爱娉�鎻忚堪浜嗗皣姘村拰鍫垮垎閰嶅埌妯ｅ搧绠′腑锛岀劧鍚庨枊濮嬭捀椁�銆傞�氬父鐢ㄨ捀姹界櫦(f膩)鐢熷櫒鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑钂告苯閫茶�岃捀椁�銆傞噵鏀惧嚭鐨勬皑姘ｆ敹闆嗗湪鎺ユ敹鍣ㄦ憾娑诧紙閫氬父鐐�1锛呯殑纭奸吀锛変腑锛岀劧鍚庨�茶�屾淮瀹�銆傛牴鎿�(j霉)绲傞粸锛屽剙鍣ㄥ彲浠ヨ▓绠楀嚭绲�(ji茅)鏋�?锛涚槣W閬庣▼鍙�浠ラ�氶亷浠ヤ笅鍖栧�稿弽鎳�(y墨ng)渚嗘弿杩帮細

鍔犲叆姘�姘у寲閳変娇妯ｅ搧绠′腑鐨勬憾娑插憟鍫挎�э紝鐒跺悗灏囩～閰搁姩杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤姘ㄦ埃锛�

锛�NH₄锛�₂SO₄ + 2NaOH-> 2NH₃ + 2H₂O + Na₂SO₄

 

褰㈡垚鐨勬皑姘ｅ緸婧舵恫涓�閲嬫斁鍑轰��锛屽緸娑堝寲绠′腑绉诲嚭锛岄�插叆鍚�鏈夐亷閲忕〖閰哥殑鎺ユ敹瀹瑰��(鎺ユ敹婧舵恫)銆傛帴鏀剁摱涓�婧舵恫鐨勪��pH鍊煎皣姘ㄦ埃杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤閵ㄩ洟瀛�锛屽悓鏅傚皣纭奸吀杞�(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤纭奸吀闆㈠瓙:

NH₃ + H₃BO₃锛�纭奸吀锛�- > NH₄ + + H₂BO ₃ -(纭奸吀闆㈠瓙)

 

 

鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍜屾淮瀹氭硶锛�

鐢ㄨ捀姹界櫦(f膩)鐢熷櫒鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑钂告苯钂搁ぞ妯ｅ搧锛屽喎鍗绘皑姘ｅ苟鏀堕泦鍦ㄦ帴鏀跺�瑰櫒涓�銆�

 

閫氶亷婊村畾鐢辨�欐簴纭�閰告垨楣介吀鍒舵垚鐨勭〖閰搁姩锛屽苟浣跨敤鍚堥仼鐨勬寚绀哄姂纰哄畾鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勭祩榛�锛屼締浼扮畻姘�鍚�閲�锛�

H₂BO₃ - + 袧+ -> H₃BO₃

灏嶄簬鍩�(zh铆)琛屽嚤姘忓畾姘�鍒嗘瀽鐨勬墍鏈夊剙鍣�锛屾�ゅ垎姝ラ亷绋嬪潎鐩稿悓绲�(ji茅)鏋滅殑绮惧害灏囧彇姹轰簬鍒嗘瀽鍖栧�稿�跺湪铏曠悊鍜岀Щ鍕曟ǎ鍝佹檪锛岀ū閲忕▼搴�锛屾淮瀹氬姂鐨勫埗鍌�锛屽垎鏋愯畩鍖栦互鍙婃渶绲傚剙鍣ㄥ紩鍏ョ殑璁婂寲銆�

 

3-婊村畾鎶�琛�(sh霉)

鑳藉�犺嚜鍕曟淮瀹氱殑鍎�鍣ㄩ�氬父浣跨敤pH闆绘サ鐩存帴娓�閲�pH鍊�锛屾垨浣跨敤椤忚壊鍌虫劅鍣ㄤ締妾㈡脯鎸囩ず婧舵恫鐨勮畩鍖栥�� 鍏╃ó鏂规硶閮芥湁涓�瀹氱殑鍎�(y艒u)榛炲拰缂洪粸銆�

pH闆绘サ婊村畾锛�

鍙�瑕佹�ｇ⒑鏍℃簴锛�pH闆绘サ灏卞彲浠ユ簴纰烘�㈡脯婧舵恫涓�鐨�pH鍊�銆傝┎鎶�琛�(sh霉)鍩轰簬闆绘祦宸�鐣�锛屽洜姝ら渶瑕佸畾鏈熸牎婧�銆傚�傛灉娌掓湁鏍规��(j霉)宸茬煡瑙ｆ焙鏂规�堥�茶�岄噸寰�(f霉)鏍℃簴锛屽氨涓嶅彲鑳界煡閬撴脯閲忕祼(ji茅)鏋滄槸姝ｇ⒑鐨�銆�

pH闆绘サ涔熷彲鑳藉緢鎱�锛岀劇娉曡瓨鍒�pH鍊肩殑璁婂寲銆傚洜姝わ紝鏇撮仼鍚堝湪闁嬪�嬬敤闆绘サ娓�閲�pH鍊间箣鍓嶅畬鎴愬嚤姘忚捀椁�锛屽嵆鍒嗛枊钂搁ぞ鍜屾淮瀹�銆�pH闆绘サ鐨勪娇鐢ㄥ＝鍛芥湁闄�锛岄�氬父鐐哄咕骞�銆�

 

椤忚壊婊村畾娉�

椤忚壊婊村畾閭勫彲浠ユ簴纰烘�㈡脯婧舵恫涓�鐨勭壒瀹�pH鍊�銆�

椤忚壊婊村畾鍩轰簬鎸囩ず鍔戞憾娑蹭腑鐨勯�忚壊璁婂��锛屽洜姝ゅ彇姹轰簬鎸囩ず鍔戠殑閬告搰銆傜敱浜庨�忚壊璁婂寲鑸�NH₃婊村畾鐨勭悊璜�pH鍊煎尮閰�锛屽洜姝ょ稉(j墨ng)甯镐娇鐢ㄦ捍鐢查厷缍犲拰鐢插熀绱�銆傞�忚壊婊村畾涓嶉渶瑕佷换浣曟牎婧�锛屽洜鐐烘寚绀哄姂灏囧�嬬祩鍦ㄧ浉鍚岀��pH鍊间笅鏀硅畩椤忚壊銆�

閫ｇ簩(x霉)婊村畾鑸囬�忚壊娉曟淮瀹氭晥鏋滃緢濂�銆�

 

绺界祼(ji茅)锛�

pH闆绘サ鍜�椤忚壊婊村畾閮藉緱鍒扮浉浼肩殑鍙�鎺ュ彈鐨勭��(ji茅)鏋�銆�

OPSIS鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�閲囩敤椤忚壊婊村畾娉�銆�

 

4-钂搁ぞ婊村畾閫熷害

鍒嗛枊钂搁ぞ鍜屾淮瀹�

瑷卞�氬�﹂�楀�や粛鐒朵娇鐢ㄥ叐鍊嬪柈鐛ㄧ殑鍎�鍣�锛屽嵆钂搁ぞ瑁濈疆鍜屾淮瀹氬剙閫茶�屽嚤姘忓畾姘�鍒嗘瀽銆傞�欐剰鍛宠憲铏曠悊閷�瑾ゅ拰绲�(ji茅)鏋滃樊鐣伴ⅷ闅�杓冨ぇ銆傚畠涔熺浉灏嶈純鎱�锛屽洜鐐哄湪婊村畾闁嬪�嬩箣鍓嶉渶瑕佸畬鎴愯捀椁�銆�

鍒�闁�钂搁ぞ鍜屾淮瀹氱殑鍑辨皬鍒嗘瀽鍎�灏囨秷闄ゆ搷浣滈尟瑾�锛屼絾閫�浠嶇劧鏄�涓�绋�绶╂參鐨勫剙鍣ㄣ��

 

閫ｇ簩(x霉)婊村畾

閫ｇ簩(x霉)婊村畾鍏锋湁鏄庨’鐨勫浐瀹氭��锛屽�傛灉瑷�(sh猫)瑷堟�ｇ��锛屽皣鐛插緱鑸囧垎闆㈣捀椁惧拰婊村畾鏅傜浉浼肩殑绲�(ji茅)鏋溿��

涓昏�佹寫鎴�(zh脿n)鍦ㄤ簬锛岀暥椁惧嚭鐗╁埌閬旀檪濡備綍蹇�閫熼熆鎳�(y墨ng)锛岃�岀暥鏈�绲傜殑姘ㄦ埃杓冨皯鏅備粛瑕侀伩鍏嶉亷搴︽淮瀹�銆� 涓�绋�甯哥敤鐨勬柟娉曟槸娓�閲忔槸鍚﹀凡閬斿埌绲傞粸锛屽惁鍓�锛岃珛?zh铆)鐮戠棃顝佸棢鐗″懗鈻屸敳鏁濋噺姊㈣└z娓�鍒拌畩鍖�銆� 浣嗘槸锛岀暥浠婄殑鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀偝鎰熷櫒鍌惧悜闁嬬櫦(f膩)鏇寸簿纰虹殑婊村畾绠楁硶銆�

 

 

 

鍏稿瀷鐨勬爱姘�/姘ㄨ捀椁�锛� 鍦ㄥ墠鍗婂垎閻樻矑鏈夋皑姘�锛屾皑杩呴�熷�炲��锛岄毃鍚庣珐鎱㈡笡灏�銆�

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

绺界祼(ji茅)

閫ｇ簩(x霉)婊村畾閫熷害蹇�锛屽彲閬斿埌鑸囧垎闆㈣捀椁炬淮瀹氱浉鍚岀殑鏁堟灉銆�

OPSIS鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�浣跨敤鍏堥�茬殑椤忚壊鍌虫劅鍣�锛岄厤鍌欎簡鏂扮殑锛屽皥闁�闁嬬櫦(f膩)鐨勭畻娉曚締鍎�(y艒u)鍖栭�ｇ簩(x霉)婊村畾銆�OPSIS娑茬浉绶氶爯(y霉)娓�婊村畾绠楁硶鍏佽ū鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鍦ㄤ换浣曟檪鍊欐簴纰哄湴灏囧�﹂殯椤忚壊鑸囩祩榛為�茶�屾瘮杓�銆傚洜姝ゆ淮瀹氬姂鐨勫姞鍏ユ槸闈炲父婧栫⒑鐨�锛岃�岄’钁楀揩浜庤捀椁惧拰婊村畾鍒嗛洟銆�

 

5-婊村畾鍎�鍒嗚鲸鐜�

鎿嶄綔瑁濈疆

闄や簡灏�婊村畾鍔戞懇鐖�婵冨害鐨勮壇濂芥帶鍒朵箣澶�锛屽叿鏈夐珮鍒嗚鲸鐜囩殑瀹氶噺绲︽枡瑁濈疆涔熷緢閲嶈��銆傛淮瀹氱�￠�氬父鐢ㄤ綔鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鐨勫畾閲忚�濈疆銆傛瘡鍊嬪姞鏂欐�ラ�熺殑鍒嗚鲸鐜囬兘鏈冨奖闊挎渶绲傜祼(ji茅)鏋滅殑绮惧害銆�

OPSIS鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�浣跨敤1.95 ul/姝�鐨勫皬鍔戦噺姝ラ�燂紝鍙�瀵︾従(xi脿n)楂樼簿搴�銆�

 

鍎�鍣ㄥ紩鍏ョ殑閷�瑾�

閭勬湁鍏朵粬鍙�鑳藉奖闊挎淮瀹氬拰绲�(ji茅)鏋滅殑閷�瑾�銆�

姘ｆ场

鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鐨勪竴鍊嬪父瑕嬪晱椤屾槸绠″収(n猫i)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑姘ｆ场銆傜暥涓�娈垫檪闁撲笉绉诲嫊娑查珨鏅�锛岄�氬父鏄�鏁村�滀笉浣跨敤鍎�鍣ㄦ檪锛屾渻鍑虹従(xi脿n)姘ｆ场銆� 濡傛灉婊村畾绠′腑娉ㄥ叆浜嗘埃娉�锛屽皣灏庤嚧閷�瑾ょ殑绲�(ji茅)鏋溿��OPSIS鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鏃ㄥ湪閫氶亷鍎�(y艒u)鍖栨淮瀹氱綈鍜屾淮瀹氱�＄瓑绲勪欢鐨勪綅缃�渚嗘渶澶х▼搴﹀湴娓涘皯姘ｆ场鐨勭敘(ch菐n)鐢�銆傝仛鍥涙盁涔欑儻锛�Teflon锛夌�′篃鐢ㄤ簬閫蹭竴姝ユ笡灏忔姇鍔犳埃娉＄殑棰ㄩ毆銆�

 

娈樼暀鏁堟噳(y墨ng)

娈樼暀鏁堟噳(y墨ng)鍙�鑳�涔�鏄�涓�鍊嬪晱椤岋紝鍗冲厛鍓嶇殑鍒嗘瀽鏈冨奖闊垮悗绾�(x霉)鐨勭祼(ji茅)鏋�銆傝�侀伩鍏嶉�欑ó鎯呮硜锛屾渶閲嶈�佺殑鏄�瑕佹湁涓�鍊嬭ō(sh猫)瑷堝悎鐞嗙殑鍣撮牠锛岃┎鍣撮牠鍙�纰轰繚鍙�鏈夋埃楂斾笖鍫挎恫涓�娌掓湁妯ｅ搧琚�鍌抽�佸埌鍐峰嚌鍣ㄥ拰鎺ユ敹鐡�銆傚湪鍒嗘瀽鏅傚��锛屽繀闋堢敤鍎�鍣ㄥ竟搴曟竻娲楀櫞闋�銆�

OPSIS鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�閰嶆湁鐜荤拑椋涙亢闋�锛屽彲灏囨畼鐣欐晥鎳�(y墨ng)闄嶈嚦鏈�浣庛��

 

 

 

浣跨敤(NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)₂鍦�20绋�涓嶅悓鐨�鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�涓婇�茶�屽洖鏀剁巼娓�瑭︾殑鎽樿��锛屽钩鍧囧�煎拰鏈�澶у��/鏈�灏忓�硷紙n = 10锛夈�傞�欎簺鍎�鍣ㄧ殑鐩稿皪妯欐簴鍋忓樊骞冲潎鐐�0.36锛�

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6-绲�(ji茅)璜�

鎳�(y墨ng)瑭插垎鏋愬弮鑰冩ǎ鍝佷互椹楄瓑鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鐨勬�ц兘銆傛渶甯歌�嬬殑鏄�鍒嗘瀽鍏锋湁宸茬煡姘�鍚�閲忕殑鐗╄唱(zh矛)锛屼緥濡傜～閰镐簽閻甸姩- (NH₄)₂Fe(SO₄)_2銆�

瑭插垎鏋愭噳(y墨ng)鑳藉畬鍏ㄦ仮寰�(f霉)锛屾矑鏈夋畼鐣欏奖闊匡紝骞朵笖妯欐簴鍋忓樊锛�rsd锛変綆銆�OPSIS鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鐨勭浉灏嶆�欐簴鍋忓樊锛�rsd锛夊皬浜�0.75锛呫��

杌熶欢涓�鎻愪緵浜嗕竴鍊嬫脯瑭︽�ц兘鎭㈠京(f霉)鐨勭壒瀹氱▼搴�锛岀ū鐐烘�ц兘璺熻工锛岃┎绋嬪簭鍙�鐢ㄤ簬鎵�鏈夊剙鍣ㄧ殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鎺у埗涓�銆傝壇濂界殑瑷�(sh猫)瑷堝皫鑷村剙鍣ㄧ殑妾㈡脯榛為潪甯镐綆锛屾ǎ鍝佺殑瀹氶噺闄愪篃寰堜綆銆傞�欐槸鐢变簬绌虹櫧鐨勮畩鍖栧緢灏忥紝鍥犳�ゅ湪鍒嗘瀽浣庡惈閲忕殑姘�鏅傚櫔鑱叉湁闄�銆�OPSIS鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�鐨勬渶浣庡畾閲忛檺锛�LOQ锛夊彲浠ヤ綆鑷�0.013 mgN

 

OPSIS 鍑辨皬瀹氭爱鍎�

浣跨敤鎶�琛�(sh霉)锛�椤忚壊婊村畾

婊村畾娉曪細鍙�闋�(y霉)娓�鐨勬淮瀹�

瑷�(sh猫)瑷�锛�PTFE绠★紝闃插櫞婵轰繚璀烽牠锛�1.95 ul / 姝�鐨勯珮绮惧害婊村畾绠�

妾㈡脯鑼冨湇锛�0.1-225 mgN

绮惧害锛�<0.75锛咃紙妯欐簴鍋忓樊锛�

鏈�浣庢�㈡脯闄愶��LOD锛夛細0.004 mgN

鏈�浣庡畾閲忛檺锛�LOQ锛夛細0.013 mgN

 

榛炴搳涓嬭級

涓婁竴绡� 涓嬩竴绡� 杩斿洖